Linde PLC

10-Year Study

LIN.XETRA · Basic Materials · DE · Common Stock

Executive Summary: Linde PLC has compounded at 17.5% annually over the last 10 years, with a maximum drawdown of 19.7% and an annualized volatility of 17.2%.

1Y CAGR
+5.1%
3Y CAGR
+9.7%
5Y CAGR
+13.0%
10Y CAGR
+17.5%

History & Riski10-year historical performance analysis including CAGR, Max Drawdown, Sharpe & Sortino ratios, annual returns, and rolling volatility — all computed from daily market data.

10-Year Growth of $10,000

Max DrawdownMax DrawdownThe largest peak-to-trough decline in the asset's value over the measurement period.Click for full definition →
19.7%
Sharpe RatioSharpe RatioRisk-adjusted return: how much excess return you earn per unit of total risk (volatility).Click for full definition →
0.82
Sortino RatioSortino RatioLike Sharpe, but only penalizes downside volatility — a more accurate risk measure for asymmetric return distributions.Click for full definition →
1.53
Ann. VolatilityAnnualized VolatilityThe annualized standard deviation of an asset's returns — a measure of how much prices fluctuate.Click for full definition →
17.5%
Best YearBest & Worst YearThe single calendar year with the highest and lowest return in the measured period.Click for full definition →
2021 · +45.8%
Worst YearBest & Worst YearThe single calendar year with the highest and lowest return in the measured period.Click for full definition →
2025 · -9.0%
% Positive Years% Positive YearsThe percentage of calendar years in the measurement period where the asset delivered a positive return.Click for full definition →
90%

Annual Returns

Rolling 12-Month Returns

Rolling 12-Month Annualised Volatility

Historical Drawdowns

Monthly Returns

Monthly Returns Heatmap

YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAnn.
20265.511.41.4-1.9————————16.9%
20256.43.7-3.2-7.12.2-2.11.91.1-0.5-10.3-3.02.7-9.0%
20241.710.24.0-3.5-4.54.33.01.3-0.1-0.83.0-7.110.6%
2023-0.97.6-0.22.90.15.10.41.6-0.32.14.9-2.522.2%
2022-8.5-7.011.93.8-0.0-8.87.8-4.9-0.38.45.8-4.31.2%
2021-5.21.117.5-0.53.8-1.06.13.5-3.88.71.28.945.8%
2020-3.5-6.7-6.15.07.34.69.82.0-3.8-6.813.7-0.013.5%
20192.37.82.62.81.68.8-1.6-1.34.3-0.45.42.540.2%
2018-0.0-3.3-6.98.36.3-0.77.9-3.82.43.8-3.0-0.99.2%
20170.4-0.8-2.34.93.40.2-3.4-3.67.88.72.8-1.317.0%
2016———4.0-4.70.27.8-0.60.21.65.3-0.114.0%

Risk X-RayiA 19-factor macroeconomic risk decomposition showing exactly which market forces (equity beta, rates, inflation, credit, commodity, crypto) drive this asset's volatility. Powered by multivariate regression against daily factor returns.

Risk Profile Insight: This asset has an estimated annualized volatility of 17.2%. The dominant macroeconomic risk driver is QUAL.US, accounting for 53.6% of variance. Idiosyncratic stock-specific factors contribute 34.5%.

10-Year Historical Price Series (Growth of $10,000)
DateSimulated Value
2016-03-0110000
2016-04-0110399.483099729707
2016-05-019910.877662291823
2016-06-019930.127901468499
2016-07-0110706.407148363845
2016-08-0110640.77288897558
2016-09-0110663.448231021448
2016-10-0110838.68578222383
2016-11-0111414.671979639794
2016-12-0111398.603022450097
2017-01-0111442.049581556925
2017-02-0111352.126118092901
2017-03-0111094.523550775119
2017-04-0111638.905917648915
2017-05-0112031.608474749444
2017-06-0112055.828015715999
2017-07-0111645.03627125886
2017-08-0111225.594690742239
2017-09-0112105.126275995952
2017-10-0113154.542963561551
2017-11-0113518.300498787863
2017-12-0113337.025478121139
2018-01-0113334.970416399625
2018-02-0112894.35125068502
2018-03-0112007.516649483101
2018-04-0113005.638067638236
2018-05-0113828.777365991398
2018-06-0113734.302579392723
2018-07-0114821.929482356658
2018-08-0114251.377007458597
2018-09-0114591.321369855379
2018-10-0115150.913515572027
2018-11-0114695.920528325021
2018-12-0114565.116430276517
2019-01-0114896.260019877207
2019-02-0116063.151930596967
2019-03-0116481.40923825712
2019-04-0116946.27116597468
2019-05-0117224.482403098613
2019-06-0118747.410854441256
2019-07-0118439.63923797847
2019-08-0118195.23782985482
2019-09-0118973.35153862587
2019-10-0118893.41312081441
2019-11-0119922.02375976445
2019-12-0120418.803002015586
2020-01-0119696.44300164405
2020-02-0118380.13533220015
2020-03-0117260.0105887926
2020-04-0118114.684054578724
2020-05-0119431.630302523663
2020-06-0120322.18026954979
2020-07-0122319.851199598743
2020-08-0122762.57186910766
2020-09-0121886.337671022935
2020-10-0120401.224677459802
2020-11-0123187.15690918717
2020-12-0123177.682726335443
2021-01-0121980.707962957804
2021-02-0122220.10523773697
2021-03-0126109.826213763576
2021-04-0125978.68541068725
2021-05-0126962.305291609777
2021-06-0126693.37085852816
2021-07-0128316.79995541561
2021-08-0129309.510872089242
2021-09-0128187.400730069385
2021-10-0130652.83621738606
2021-11-0131010.54467262983
2021-12-0133785.42369103018
2022-01-0130925.811110801496
2022-02-0128772.814668264273
2022-03-0132194.62015028655
2022-04-0133408.151512618315
2022-05-0133402.613295436604
2022-06-0130461.65742469418
2022-07-0132846.78295761697
2022-08-0131245.576392565552
2022-09-0131155.455550292118
2022-10-0133772.19931079964
2022-11-0135719.41092874857
2022-12-0134190.63077623281
2023-01-0133877.216447924504
2023-02-0136468.5099525362
2023-03-0136399.40414820594
2023-04-0137449.494245827176
2023-05-0137471.96059854543
2023-06-0139379.684844093965
2023-07-0139526.16314171334
2023-08-0140151.50565200027
2023-09-0140019.42439694969
2023-10-0140844.44459925136
2023-11-0142856.15264580488
2023-12-0141777.30329460065
2024-01-0142502.68202970435
2024-02-0146837.95664168083
2024-03-0148693.67737620866
2024-04-0146983.22744540735
2024-05-0144869.3236176517
2024-06-0146781.19281819786
2024-07-0148171.85424619871
2024-08-0148787.39747912429
2024-09-0148738.01794521693
2024-10-0148326.52956966776
2024-11-0149766.73307883078
2024-12-0146210.942216773015
2025-01-0149167.89738159593
2025-02-0151001.66262620634
2025-03-0149388.13730134403
2025-04-0145893.255217766884
2025-05-0146904.92611066217
2025-06-0145897.78331986513
2025-07-0146751.15640761278
2025-08-0147281.629373682204
2025-09-0147060.20518107765
2025-10-0142201.481966543135
2025-11-0140928.957561233874
2025-12-0142030.07588634696
2026-01-0144352.179526476626
2026-02-0149391.144425558
2026-03-0150087.7755175969
2026-04-0149112.49198874244
Annual Return Matrix
YearAnnual Return
20170.17005789673113658
20180.0920813230933697
20190.40189768477037435
20200.13511466485315138
20210.45767047076892564
20220.01199354754015447
20230.22189331831928705
20240.10612554120374207
2025-0.0904735140611036
20260.16850828729281764
Total Factor Risk
0.1720619259892837
VTI.US Exposure
-0.09289614533518986
VEA.US Exposure
0.2768044324780175
VWO.US Exposure
-0.050682181629276936
QQQ.US Exposure
-0.09517007080387725
VTV.US Exposure
0.02301828961603478
IJR.US Exposure
-0.061888567569381416
QUAL.US Exposure
0.535873080129921
SHV.US Exposure
0.006929664629089103
TLT.US Exposure
0.029480660744221603
LQD.US Exposure
-0.015254512403696423
HYG.US Exposure
0.013385940109197119
GLD.US Exposure
0.00010754570377780593
USO.US Exposure
0.006022194842357798
VNQ.US Exposure
0.02075409908581852
BTC-USD.CC Exposure
-0.0010634087953550753
CPER.US Exposure
-0.006389503400328578
VIX.INDX Exposure
0.02494174051872643
UUP.US Exposure
0.019976549176415424
TIP.US Exposure
0.020936943255019696
Idiosyncratic Exposure
0.34511324964850865
Value Score
36.3
Growth Score
50
Profit Score
37.5
Health Score
23.6
Yield Score
16.9
Moat Score
40

Factor Risk Decomposition

Share of annualised volatility attributable to each macro factor.

Total Est. Vol
17.2%

FundamentalsiCompany financial health metrics: P/E valuation, dividend yield, Piotroski F-Score (9-point profitability signal), Altman Z-Score (bankruptcy risk proxy), and a radar chart across 6 fundamental dimensions. Note: ETFs may show N/A for some metrics.

Fundamental Dimensions

Core Valuation

P/E Ratio (TTM)P/E RatioPrice-to-Earnings ratio — the market price of a stock divided by its earnings per share, a key valuation measure.Click for full definition →34.4x
Dividend YieldDividend YieldAnnual dividend paid per share divided by the current share price — expressed as a percentage income return.Click for full definition →1.41%
Market Cap$200.9B
Piotroski F-ScorePiotroski F-ScoreA 9-point scoring system evaluating a company's financial strength across profitability, leverage, and operating efficiency.Click for full definition →
9-point profitability signal
0.0/ 9
Weak
Altman Z-ScoreAltman Z-ScoreA bankruptcy prediction model that combines 5 financial ratios into a single score indicating financial distress risk.Click for full definition →
Bankruptcy risk proxy
1.18
Distress Zone
Income Simulation

Based on $10,000 initial investment.

Total Income Generated
$161
Avg Yield on Cost
1.61%
Annual Income Simulation Table
Historical Realised Yields
YearAnnual PayoutYield on CostQuality
2026$161.211.61%Solid

Momentum & MacroiPrice momentum indicators relative to key technical levels: distance from 50-Day SMA (intermediate trend), 200-Day SMA (long-term trend), 52-Week High (bullish proximity), and Beta (market sensitivity coefficient).

vs 50-Day SMAMoving Averages (SMA)A rolling average of an asset's price over a defined window — used to identify trends and momentum signals.Click for full definition →
+1.0%
Above/below 50-day moving average
vs 200-Day SMAMoving Averages (SMA)A rolling average of an asset's price over a defined window — used to identify trends and momentum signals.Click for full definition →
+7.7%
Above/below 200-day moving average
vs 52-Week High52-Week HighThe highest price an asset reached in the past 52 weeks — a key reference for momentum and valuation context.Click for full definition →
3.5% from high
Distance from 52-week high
BetaBetaA measure of an asset's sensitivity to broad market movements relative to a benchmark (e.g. S&P 500).Click for full definition →
0.88
Market sensitivity coefficient

Frequently Asked Questions & Methodology

Is Linde PLC a high-risk investment?

Linde PLC (LIN.XETRA) has an annualized volatility of 17.2% and experienced a maximum drawdown of 19.7% over the last 10 years. Its primary macro risk driver is QUAL.US.

What is the 10-year return of LIN.XETRA?

Over the past 10 years, LIN.XETRA has generated a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 17.5%. It has had a positive return in 90% of the years measured.

Data Methodology & Trust

The risk and return information on this page is pre-calculated mathematically using daily market data spanning a 10-year period. Fundamentals (such as P/E Ratio, Market Cap, and Dividend Yield) represent trailing averages and may not immediately reflect real-time live market fluctuations. Advanced scoring models like the Piotroski F-Score and Altman Z-Score are proxies applied to publicly available trailing-twelve-month financial statements and may not account for recent off-balance-sheet events, qualitative company shifts, or sector-specific capital structures. Macroeconomic factor exposures are estimated via multivariate regression against standard market indices. This data is provided for quantitative insight and backtesting research, and should not be misconstrued as tailored financial advice.

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